World Owes ‘Unresolved Debt’ To Afghan Women, Says Spain PM
Pedro Sánchez said the international community still owes an unresolved debt to Afghan women and girls, urging sustained global attention and support for their rights under Taliban rule.
Pedro Sánchez said the international community still owes an unresolved debt to Afghan women and girls, urging sustained global attention and support for their rights under Taliban rule.
Speaking on Thursday at Spain’s 2026 Ambassadors’ Conference in Madrid, Sánchez welcomed a delegation of Afghan women activists attending the annual event. He stressed the importance of giving Afghan women visibility and said that, within the framework of a feminist foreign policy, the world must not forget its responsibility toward them.
Spain’s Ambassadors’ Conference is held each year with the participation of the country’s ambassadors and senior diplomats. On the sidelines of the conference, Spain’s foreign minister, José Manuel Albares, is expected to present a plaque of appreciation to Fawzia Koofi in recognition of her advocacy for Afghan women’s rights.
Sánchez also inaugurated a room at Spain’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs named in honour of Afghan women and girls.
Albares said the room was dedicated as a tribute to Afghan women and girls who continue to fight for their rights and freedoms despite severe restrictions imposed by the Taliban.
Since the Taliban returned to power in 2021, Afghan women have faced sweeping curbs on education, employment and public life, prompting repeated condemnation from governments and rights groups worldwide.
A local commander affiliated with the National Islamic Movement Party of Afghanistan was shot dead by unidentified gunmen in northern Afghanistan after being deported from Iran, the party’s spokesperson said.
Ehsan Niro told Afghanistan International that the Taliban were responsible for the killing of a commander known as Yousuf in Khwaja Du Koh district of Jowzjan province.
Niro said Yousuf was killed on Wednesday night, January 7, while returning home from a wedding ceremony.
Yousuf had served as a local commander in the former Afghan government’s public uprising forces and was a loyal supporter of Abdul Rashid Dostum, the leader of the National Islamic Movement Party of Afghanistan. He had taken part in numerous security operations before the Taliban returned to power, according to the spokesperson.
Niro said Yousuf fled to Iran after the Taliban takeover in August 2021 but was deported two months ago and returned to his home district. Upon his return, he was arrested and imprisoned by the Taliban, he said.
According to Niro, Yousuf was released from Taliban custody about two weeks ago after mediation by local elders and the payment of 800,000 afghanis as bail.
The killing follows a similar incident last year. On July 22, Ezzatullah, another commander affiliated with the National Islamic Movement Party, was shot dead by gunmen near his home in Sar-e Pol province, one day after being deported from Iran.
An investigative report by Afghanistan International has found that numerous former Afghan government military personnel have been killed after being deported from Iran. The report also documents cases in which former soldiers were subjected to torture and ill-treatment while in Taliban custody.
Taliban officials have not commented on the latest killing.
The Taliban leader has reshuffled two senior Taliban cabinet ministers and made several other senior appointments, the group’s spokesperson said on Thursday.
Zabihullah Mujahid said Hibatullah Akhundzada appointed Abdul Latif Mansoor, previously minister of energy and water, as minister of rural rehabilitation and development. Under the same decree, Mohammad Younus Akhundzada, who had served as minister of rural rehabilitation and development, was named minister of energy and water.
Mujahid also said Abdul Bari Omar, head of Afghanistan’s state electricity company, Da Afghanistan Breshna Sherkat, was appointed as head of protocol at the Taliban Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
According to the decree, Mullah Abdul Haq Himmat, a deputy minister at the Ministry of Public Works, was appointed as the new chief executive of Da Afghanistan Breshna Sherkat.
Mujahid added that Mohammad Younus Rashid, deputy minister for youth affairs at the Ministry of Information and Culture, was appointed as deputy minister for finance and administration at the Ministry of Public Works.
The latest changes come amid a broader reshuffle by the Taliban leader in recent days, which has included the reassignment of several provincial governors, corps commanders and senior police officials.
Iran has announced the opening of a new land route at the Milak border crossing with Afghanistan, a move aimed at increasing trade and easing the flow of goods between the two countries.
In a statement posted on X on Wednesday, January 7, the Embassy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in Kabul said the new route at the Milak crossing would double the movement of cargo trucks transporting goods between Iran and Afghanistan.
The Milak–Zaranj border crossing links Iran’s Sistan and Baluchestan province with Afghanistan’s Nimruz province and is one of the main corridors for the export of Iranian fuel and commercial goods to Afghanistan.
In November, Nooruddin Azizi, the Taliban’s minister of industry and trade, visited the Milak border with an Iranian delegation. Following the visit, Iranian officials announced an agreement with the Taliban to construct a second land route at the crossing.
Azizi described the project as beneficial to both sides, saying it would increase the volume of bilateral trade.
Mansour Bijar, the governor of Sistan and Baluchestan, said the new route could create a daily transit capacity of about 1,000 vehicles. He added that the development would reinforce a significant portion of Iran–Taliban economic agreements valued at roughly $10 billion.
Iran has expanded economic engagement with Afghanistan since the Taliban returned to power in 2021, with border trade and transit routes playing a central role in bilateral relations.
The Trump administration’s attack on Venezuela has alarmed leaders of countries hostile to the United States. The question now being raised is: which country and which leader will be next?
In Afghanistan, many opponents of the Taliban expect Trump to adopt an aggressive approach toward the group.
Will Hibatullah Akhundzada also be placed on the target list of US Delta Force commandos?
Following the arrest of Nicolás Maduro, supporters of regime change in countries such as the Islamic Republic of Iran have also become active, appearing to encourage Trump to carry out a similar operation in Tehran.
US Senator Lindsey Graham posted a photo of himself with Donald Trump, holding a cap bearing the slogan “Make Iran Great Again.”
The cap and slogan are derived from Trump’s US presidential campaign motto, but they also serve as a signal for regime change in Iran. This raises the question of whether influential senators or politicians in Washington are now thinking about “making Afghanistan great again.”
Trump and his supporters in the United States and Iran believe that Iran without the Islamic Republic would be a wealthy, prosperous country and a friend of the West and Israel in the Middle East. In Iran’s neighbourhood, Mullah Hibatullah Akhundzada is seen as the Afghan equivalent of Ali Khamenei, the leader of the Islamic Republic.
Akhundzada heads a regime that shelters several terrorist groups. His policies have turned Afghanistan into one of the most isolated countries in the world. Domestically, the rights of half the population have been completely stripped away, and aside from a small Taliban-affiliated minority, Afghans have been deprived of their basic rights.
Although Afghanistan during two decades of republican rule was far from ideal in terms of development and security indicators, it nevertheless had a normal, internationally recognised government. Elections were held, women had the right to study and work, and there were no political or religious prisoners.
Earlier, during the 1960s, Afghanistan had a moderate monarchy and, for a decade, a parliament and a constitutional system. The security and calm of the era of Mohammad Zahir Shah later became a source of nostalgia after the Soviet invasion and civil war.
Not long ago, Afghanistan was a destination for famous tourists and well-known politicians from the region and the world.
Former finance minister Omar Zakhilwal once told the author that Nawaz Sharif, a prominent Pakistani politician, had spent his honeymoon in Kabul.
Sharif reportedly recalled during a visit by a former Afghan president to Islamabad that he had travelled to Kabul with his wife in his youth and enjoyed good days there. He mentioned the intercontinental Hotel, Qargha resort and Paghman, which were once frequented by many tourists.
Zakhilwal also recounted that the Japanese emperor, in a meeting with them, recalled his visit to Afghanistan and said he had spent a night with his family near the Buddha statues of Bamiyan.
Today, however, that country has turned into a place of mourning, gripped by poverty and a severe humanitarian crisis.
Afghan political forces hope that, under external pressure and internal resistance, the Taliban regime will collapse, allowing Afghanistan to emerge from a “Stone Age” and form a civil, democratic government that is friendly with region and globally.
The question now is: will Donald Trump in 2026 be George Bush in 2001?
Trump and China
Many observers believe Afghanistan has little intrinsic strategic importance for the United States. However, since returning to power, Trump has repeatedly criticised the US withdrawal from Afghanistan and emphasised reclaiming American weapons from the Taliban and returning to the strategic Bagram Air Base. From Trump’s perspective, Bagram allows monitoring of China’s nuclear and military facilities. If democracy and human rights in Afghanistan mattered to Bush, having a base near China matters to Trump.
After the operation against Maduro, US Secretary of State Marco Rubio said Trump is a president of action, not words, and that his statements should be taken seriously.
Previously, many had dismissed Trump’s remarks about annexing Greenland, reclaiming US weapons from the Taliban and returning to Bagram as political bluster.
In Trump’s second term, the United States has adopted an aggressive foreign policy. The White House has acted through both diplomacy and force. In some regions, Trump has pursued conflict resolution through diplomacy, such as mediating peace between India and Pakistan, facilitating an agreement between Armenia and Azerbaijan, and supporting a ceasefire in Gaza. In other cases, he has resorted to military force.
If the Trump administration takes competition with China seriously, Afghanistan will re-enter its focus. For now, US priorities are largely concentrated on South America, the Ukraine crisis and tensions with Iran. But if Washington achieves its objectives in these three arenas, it is not unlikely that the long-forgotten Afghanistan will again draw attention.
A Leader in Hiding
Akhundzada, the Taliban leader, remains hidden from public view, and according to reports, heavy security measures surround his residence in Kandahar. Still, the examples of Osama bin Laden in Pakistan and Maduro in Caracas show that US intelligence agencies and commandos have been successful in locating the hideouts of leaders of hostile states and terrorist organisations.
Akhundzada is also vulnerable to US special operations. His advantage, however, is that unlike Khamenei and Maduro, he has not adopted an overtly hostile anti-American policy. He rarely addresses Taliban foreign policy in his speeches.
Iran and Venezuela have threatened US regional interests, whereas the Taliban have called on Washington to reopen its embassy in Kabul. Taliban officials have adopted a conciliatory tone toward the United States and speak with an eye toward the future. US and Taliban intelligence services have at least cooperated on intelligence matters related to ISIS.
Following the detention of Venezuela’s president and threats against Iran, Cuba and Colombia, there is little doubt that Taliban leaders are concerned about Akhundzada’s safety and the fate of their regime. Unlike Democratic presidents, Trump has pursued an aggressive, national-security-based foreign policy and has shown willingness to use military force to impose his demands.
After the US withdrawal, rival countries such as China and Iran filled the vacuum left in Afghanistan. At the same time, part of Washington’s actions in Latin America are aimed precisely at reducing the influence of those same countries.
The Taliban have taken Trump’s threats seriously. They view Pakistan’s actions as part of a broader US strategy on Afghanistan. Referring to Washington’s efforts to return to Bagram, a Taliban spokesperson said Pakistan is tasked with implementing US projects in the region and in Afghanistan.
Nevertheless, the Taliban have exercised restraint toward Trump and have not reacted to recent US actions in Venezuela.
“Restoring Afghanistan’s Greatness”
In Trump’s politics, restoring greatness means fundamentally changing regimes and political institutions at home and abroad and aligning countries with US interests. This approach seeks to re-establish America’s position as a regional and global hegemon.
If the Taliban fail to properly understand this new, greatness-driven US approach, they could face an uncertain fate.
Domestic Afghan political forces have openly expressed hope for Washington’s interventionist policies. These forces, mostly living in exile, currently lack the military capacity to challenge the Taliban.
If anti-Taliban lobbying convinces Washington to act against the ruling group in Afghanistan, domestic political forces have pledged to restore the rights and freedoms Afghans gained over the past two decades.
During two decades of US presence and support, Afghanistan made remarkable, historically unprecedented progress. Literacy rates rose significantly, and millions of girls gained access to education for the first time, with student numbers exceeding nine million. Women achieved historic participation: about 30 percent of civil servants were women, and in some provinces such as Herat and Jowzjan, women’s participation in local administration nearly matched that of men. Politically, 25 percent of parliamentary seats were reserved for women.
Freedom of expression reached levels widely praised in the region, and a nascent civil society challenged power.
Presidential, parliamentary and provincial council elections were held with public participation. Ethnic and religious groups saw themselves as part of the power structure, and religious and social freedoms were practised in tangible ways.
Internationally, Afghanistan emerged from years of isolation, attracted global attention and actively participated in international organisations.
The Taliban’s Supreme Court said it publicly flogged three people, including one woman and two men, in Maidan Wardak province on charges described as “illicit relations”.
In a statement issued on Thursday, the court said the punishments were carried out by the Maidan Wardak city primary court. The individuals received between 30 and 39 lashes each and were also sentenced to prison terms ranging from four months to 12 years.
The Taliban Supreme Court said the floggings took place in the presence of local officials, court staff, visitors and members of the public.
The statement added that Taliban courts have publicly flogged at least 39 people across Afghanistan over the past week on various charges.
Since returning to power in August 2021, the Taliban have reinstated public corporal punishment, including floggings and executions, a practice widely condemned by human rights organisations and the international community but defended by the group as enforcement of its interpretation of Islamic law.